The reliance of the military on packaged and fatty food could be leading to sub-par performance and mental health problems for defence personnel.
A study from Southern Cross University, published in Nutrition Research Reviews, showed that military diets were generally low in fruit, vegetables, wholegrains, seafood, plant protein and nuts but high in added sugars, trans fats and processed meat.
The review also found a suboptimal intake of nutrients, particularly fibre, essential fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin E, folate, magnesium, zinc and iodine.
Southern Cross University National Centre for Naturopathic Centre Postdoctoral Research Fellow Jessica Bayes said an inadequate nutrient intake could lead to reduced performance, increased risk of chronic diseases and mental health disorders.
“The low intake of nutrients identified in this review is concerning, considering their importance in ensuring military readiness, optimal performance, recovery after training, physical exertion, and prevention of injury,” Dr Bayes said.
“Across all populations, mounting evidence highlights the important role of diet and nutrition for mental health.
“Given the unique challenges and stresses that accompany military life and the increased risk of mental health conditions among defence members, nutrition which supports mental wellbeing should be a priority.”
The study is the first international systematic literature review to assess the dietary intake and nutritional status of defence members worldwide.
Previous studies on military diets have focused primarily on the nutritional composition of field/combat rations and dietary intake during deployment. This latest study reviewed the diets of personnel awaiting active duty.
Dr Bayes’ research in nutritional psychiatry aims to unlock the “intricate relationship” between diet, lifestyle habits, and mental health in military populations and veterans.
“Our study shows more research is needed that explores the long-term consequences of poor diet quality in defence members while free-living or in garrison,” Dr Bayes said.
“These results require the attention of policymakers to ensure that military education and general food environment supports defence personnel to pursue healthy eating.”
Dr Bayes is also conducting a new survey that explores the link between diet quality and mental wellbeing in Australian ex-serving defence members. The Australasian Military Medicine Association (AMMA) is funding the study.
To participate or find out more, go to: https://redcap.scu.edu.au/surveys/?s=PKAKEXNARYLEXYKF
